Mr. Ferrari is a 47-year-old from Italy. In 2001, he was diagnosed with primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS) and was told that there was no treatment for him. From 2001 to 2008, his condition progressively worsened. He was first seen at the International Multiple Sclerosis Management Practice in New York City in May 2008. He complained of left lower limb weakness and dragging, an inability to walk lengthy distances, and bladder dysfunction. He was started on adult stem cell therapy in 2010, and by August 2011 he had normal bladder control. He also noted improvement in his left leg weakness and he could walk without a discernible limp. On examination, he had improved strength in his left leg and could jump easily as well as hop on either leg. However, he stopped therapy at the end 2011. He was re-examined in November 2012 and felt he had regressed and wanted to re-start therapy. His hope is that with the stem cell therapy, he will not face a future in a wheelchair and regain almost normal function so he can continue to work, get married, and be able to have a family.